Subject/topic The article considers “sovereignty” as the most important imperative category of jurisprudence, examines the problems of sovereignty in modern international politics, highlights the signs of sovereignty.

Goals/tasks. In this paper, an attempt is made to present an approach to the study of the phenomenon of sovereignty, as well as to give a unified idea of sovereignty and sovereignty, to show the historical and logical formation of forms and types of sovereignty.

Methodology When preparing the material and writing the article, the dialectical method was used, which allowed to explore the scientific category of “sovereignty” in its self-development and interdependence; the concrete historical method was used to identify the unique features, characteristics and features of various forms and types of sovereignty inherent in its various carriers; the comparative legal method allowed by comparing various sources to identify the features of genesis and the subsequent development of forms of sovereignty as an ontological category of law; the formal legal method was used in the analysis of the legislative material based on.

Results/conclusions An element of the novelty of the study is the analysis of the ontological essence of the legal category “sovereignty”, as a result of the study, the conclusion is made: sovereignty in the public-legal and political dimension, which includes the sovereignty of the sovereign, which is mostly a historical phenomenon transferred to the state, the sovereignty of the state and the sovereignty of the people and the nation. From a scientific point of view, it is possible to display various aspects of the manifestation of the phenomenon of sovereignty: economic, political, national and popular, and cultural. The ontological essence of sovereignty is understood as expressed in public-power relations of various aspects of public life, in which the sovereignty of the people, national and economic is represented.

Practical significance The materials of scientific research can be used in scientific theoretical and legal and socio-political studies, as well as used in pedagogical practices of educational institutions of humanitarian and legal profile. In addition, taking into account the objective realities of the formation of a multipolar world in which the interests of all participants in the social process should be represented, the material provides a certain methodology for the formation of a unique legal system of the state based on national sovereignty.

Keywords: sovereignty, national legal system, legal system, legal reality, bearers of sovereignty, ontology of law.

References:

Antonov (2015) ‒ Antonov M.V. Problems of implementation of various doctrines of sovereignty in the Russian legal system // Theoretical and legal understanding of sovereignty in Russia, Western Europe and the USA in the context of globalization. Ivanovo [Problemy implementatsii razlichnykh doktrin suvereniteta v rossiyskoy pravovoy sisteme // Teoretiko-pravovoye osmysleniye suvereniteta v Rossii, Zapadnoy Yevrope i SSHA v usloviyakh globalizatsii. Ivanovo], 2015. pp. 35-44.

Zvyagelskaya (2013) ‒ Zvyagelskaya I.D. Middle East and Central Asia: Global trends in regional implementation. Aspect Press. M. [Blizhniy Vostok i Tsentral’naya Aziya: global’nyye tendentsii proyavilis’ szadi. Aspekt Press. M.], 2019.

Ovchinnikov (2013) ‒ Ovchinnikov V.A. Sovereignty as a state-legal phenomenon // Management consulting [Suverenitet kak gosudarstvenno-pravovoye yavleniye // Upravlencheskoye konsul’tirovaniye]. 2013. No. 4. pp. 28-29.

Grachev (2009) ‒ Grachev N.I. The origin of sovereignty: Supreme power in the worldview and practice of state building in a traditional society. Monograph [Proiskhozhdeniye suvereniteta: Verkhovnaya vlast’ v mirovozzrenii i primeneniye gosudarstvennogo stroitel’stva traditsionnogo obshchestva. Monografiya. – M.: Zertsalo. M.]. – M.: Mirror. M., 2009.

Grachev, Ermyalieva (2007) ‒ Grachev N.I., Ermyalieva N.A. Sovereignty of the federal state: problems of theory and constitutional regulation: monograph / N. I. Grachev, N. A. Ermyalieva; Volgograd Institute of Economics, Sociology and Law. – Volgograd: [VIESP Publishing House] [Suverenitet federativnogo gosudarstva: problemy teorii i konstitutsionnogo regulirovaniya: monografiya / N. I. Grachev, N. A. Ermyaliyeva; Volgogradskiy in-t ekonomiki, sotsiologii i prava. – Volgograd: [Izd-vo VIESP]. 2007.

Isaev (2017) ‒ Isaev I.A. Sovereignty: a closed space of power: monograph. Moscow: Prospekt [Suverenitet: zakrytoye prostranstvo vlasti: monografiya. Moskva: Prospekt]. 2017.

Isaev (2019) ‒ Isaev I.A. Technologies of power. The power of technology: monograph. Moscow: Prospekt [Tekhnologii vlasti. Vlast’ tekhnologii: monografiya. Moskva: Prospekt]. 2019.

Dzhunusov (1997) ‒ Dzhunusov M.S. Sovereignty: terminology and determinology. The harmfulness of false stereotyping of sovereignty in the mass consciousness: Report, rep. in Scientific – expert. Council under the Pred. Federation Council of Russia / M. S. Dzhunusov. – Moscow [Suverenitet: terminologizatsiya i determinologizatsiya. Pagubnost’ lozhnoy stereotipizatsii suvereniteta v massovom poryadke: Dokl., predst. v Nauch.- ekspert. sovet pri Pred. Soveta Federatsii Rossii / M. S. Dzhunusov. – Moskva], 1997.

Levin (2003) ‒ Levin I.D. Sovereignty = Sovereignity / I.D. Levin; Assoc. Legal center. – St. Petersburg. : Legal. Center Press [Suverenitet = Suverenitet / I.D. Levin; Assots. Yurid. tsentr. – SPb. : Yurid. tsentr Press]. 2003.

Isaev (2007) ‒ Isaev I.A. Topos and nomos: spaces of legal orders: monograph / I. A. Isaev. – Moscow: Norma [Topos i nomos: prostranstva pravoporyadkov: monografiya / I. A. Isayev. – Moskva: Norma], 2007.

Hegel (1990) ‒ Hegel G.F.W. Philosophy of law: [Trans. with German]. USSR Academy of Sciences, Institute of Philosophy. – Moscow: Mysl [Filosofiya prava: [Per. s nem.]. AN SSSR, In-t filosofii. – Moskva: Mysl’], 1990.

State sovereignty and political organization of Soviet society [Text] / V. S. Shevtsov, Ph.D. legal Sci. – Moscow: Knowledge [Gosudarstvennyy suverenitet i politicheskaya organizatsiya sovetskogo obshchestva], 1971.

Schmitt (2000) ‒ Schmitt K. Political theology = Politische Theologie: [Trans. from German] / Carl Schmitt; Institute of Sociology RAS, etc. – Moscow: Kanon-press-C: Kuchkovo Pole [Politicheskaya teologiya = Politische Theologie : [Per. s nem.] Karl Shmitt; In-t sotsiologii RAN i dr. – Moskva : Kanon-press-TS : Kuchkovo pole], 2000.

Kantorovich (2014) ‒ Kantorovich E.Kh. The King’s Two Bodies [Text]: a study in medieval political theology / Ernst Hartwig Kantorovich; lane from English M. A. Boytsova and A. Yu. Seregina. – Moscow: Gaidar Institute Publishing House [Dva tela korolya [Tekst] : issledovaniye po srednevekovoy politicheskoy teologii / Ernst Khartvig ​​Kantorovich ; per. s angl. M. A. Boytsova i A. YU. Sereginoy. – Moskva: Izd-vo Instituta Gaydara], 2014.

Hesse (1913) ‒ Hesse V.M. The problem of popular sovereignty in the political doctrine of the 16th century / V.M. Hesse. – St. Petersburg: typo-lit. Schroeder [Problema narodnogo suvereniteta v politicheskoy doktrine XVI veka / V.M. Gessen. – Sankt-Peterburg: tipo-lit. Shredera], 1913.

Pastukhova (2013) ‒ Pastukhova N.B. State sovereignty: history and modernity / N. B. Pastukhova. – Moscow: Aspect Press [Gosudarstvennyy suverenitet: istoriya i sovremennost’ / N. B. Pastukhova. – Moskva: Aspekt Press], 2013.

Levels of sovereignty of Udmurtia and Tatarstan / K. I. Kulikov; Udmurt. Institute of History, Language and Literature. Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. – Izhevsk [Urovni suvereniteta Udmurtii i Tatarstana / K. I. Kulikov; Udmurt. in-t istorii, yazyka i lit. UrO RAN. – Izhevsk], 1999.

Constitutional projects in Russia in the 18th – early 20th centuries. Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN) [Konstitutsionnyye proyekty v Rossii XVIII-nachala XX v. Moskva: Rossiyskaya politicheskaya entsiklopediya (ROSSPEN)], 2010. pp. 75-83.

Isaev (2023) ‒ Isaev I.A. Imaginary statehood. A space without territory. Monograph. Moscow: Prospekt [Voobrazhayemaya gosudarstvennost’. Prostranstvo bez territorii. Monografiya. Moskva: Prospekt]. 2023.

Schmitt (2008) ‒ Schmitt K. Nomos of the Earth in the Law of Peoples Jus publicum Europaeum. St. Petersburg: Vladimir Dal [Nomos Zemli v pravakh narodov Jus publicum Europaeum. Sankt-Peterburg: Vladimir Dal’], 2008.

Church of England: the problem of confessional self-identification in historical perspective [Text] / [I. A. Fadeev]. – Moscow: Mask [Tserkov’ Anglii: problema konfessional’noy samoidentifikatsii v istoricheskoy perspektive], 2015.

Balyani (2021) ‒ Balyani A.P. The Pope’s body. Moscow: AST Publishing House [Telo Papy. Moskva: iz-vo AST, 2021. Ocherki filosofii prava. S.-Peterburg: izdaniye L. Papayanaki], 2021.

Essays on the philosophy of law. St. Petersburg: published by L. Papayanaki [Ocherki filosofii prava. S.-Peterburg: izdaniye L. Papayanaki], 1903. Part 2. – 1903.

Antonov (2007) ‒ Antonov I.A. The main problems of the German doctrine of international law / I. P. Antonov. – Moscow: RUDN University [Osnovnyye problemy germanskoy doktriny mezhdunarodnogo prava / I. P. Antonov. – Moskva: RUDN], 2007.

Economic sovereignty of the state / I. P. Blishchenko, J. Doria. – Moscow: Publishing house Ros. Peoples’ Friendship University [Ekonomicheskiy suverenitet gosudarstva / I. P. Blishchenko, ZH. Doria. – Moskva: Izd-vo Ros. un-ta druzhby narodov], 2001.

Sinelnikov (2007) ‒ Sinelnikov S.Yu. Economic sovereignty and sovereign economy: collective monograph / Moscow State University. University named after M. V. Lomonosova, Faculty of Economics; edited by Yu. M. Osipova, S. Yu. Sinelnikova, E. S. Zotova. – Moscow: MAX Press [Ekonomicheskiy suverenitet i suverennaya ekonomika: kollektivnaya monografiya / Moskovskiy gos. un-t im. M. V. Lomonosova, Ekonomicheskiy fak.; pod red. YU. M. Osipova, S. YU. Sinel’nikova, Ye. S. Zotovoy. – Moskva: MAKS Press], 2007.

Commentary on the Constitution of the Russian Federation. / [Andrichenko L.V. et al.]; edited by V. D. Zorkina; Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. – 2nd ed., revision. – Moscow: INFRA-M [Kommentariy k Konstitutsii Rossiyskoy Federatsii. / [Andrichenko L. V. i dr.]; pod red. V. D. Zor’kina; Konstitutsionnyy Sud Rossiyskoy Federatsii. – 2-ye izd., redaktsiya. – Moskva: INFRA-M], 2011.

Hegel (1978) ‒ Hegel G.V.F. Political works [Text] / Hegel; Academician Sciences of the USSR, Institute of State and Law. – Moscow: Science [Politicheskiye proizvedeniya [Tekst] / Gegel’; Akad. nauk SSSR, In-t gosudarstva i prava. – Moskva: Nauka], 1978.P. 65-66.

Chirkin (2008) ‒ Chirkin V.E. Legislative power / V. E. Chirkin; Institute of State and Law RAS, Acad. legal university (institute). – Moscow: Norma [Zakonodatel’naya vlast’ / V. Ye. Chirkin; In-t gosudarstva i prava RAN, akad. Zakonun-t (in-t). – Moskva: Norma], 2008.

Kelsen (2015) ‒ Kelsen G. Pure doctrine of law. St. Petersburg: Aleph-Press [Chistoye ucheniye o prave. Sankt-Peterburg: Alef-Press], 2015.

Subject/topic The article discusses the problem of vesting Rosstandart with the powers to exercise government control (oversight) over construction products in circulation in the context of the state reform of control and oversight activities and the “regulatory guillotine”

Goals/objectives Identification of the reasons for the lack of regulatory functions of government control (oversight) over compliance with the requirements of technical regulations

Methodology I have carried out analytical work to study draft regulatory legal acts, correspondence with authorized executive authorities

Conclusions The article focuses Attention on the particular importance of government oversight over construction products, including for conscientious producers, as well as differences in views on the prospects for reform in this area within the Government of the Russian Federation. The author concludes that it is necessary to strengthen the role of public institutions in resolving such issues.

Keywords: government control (oversight) over compliance with technical regulations, construction products, regulatory guillotine, confirmation of conformity, reform of government control and oversight activities.

References:

Shalin, Batrakov (2020) – Shalin A.P., Batrakov V.N. Regulatory “guillotine” and the law on technical regulation of product quality control // Product quality control [Regulyatornaya “gil’otina” i zakon o tekhnicheskom regulirovanii kontrol’ kachestva produkcii // Kontrol’ kachestva produkcii] 2020. No. 10. p. 56-60.

Kalmykova, Kashirkina, Lukyanova, Morozov (2007) – Kalmykova A.V., Kashirkina A.A., Lukyanova V.Yu., Morozov A.N. Technical regulation at the present stage // Legislation and economics [Tekhnicheskoe regulirovanie na sovremennom etape // Zakonodatel’stvo i ekonomika] 2007. No. 4. p. 671-681.

Bodrenkov (2023) – Bodrenkov V.A. Control (supervision) over the circulation of cement products and their falsification // Product quality control [Kontrol’ (nadzor) za oborotom cementnoj produkcii i ee fal’sifikaciya // Kontrol’ kachestva produkcii] 2023. No. 7. p. 8-13.

Bodrenkov (2023) – Bodrenkov V.A. Which manufacturers are protected by the moratorium on state control? // Product quality control [Kakih proizvoditelej zashchishchaet moratorij na goskontrol’? // Kontrol’ kachestva produkcii] 2023. No. 9. p. 34-38.

Kvashnin (2023) – Kvashnin A.V. Our main goal is consumer safety // Product quality control. 2023 [Nasha glavnaya cel’ – bezopasnost’ potrebitelej // Kontrol’ kachestva produkcii] No. 2. p. 19-21.

Bykova (2023) – Bykova N. Combating illegal trafficking of products. Market of cement and concrete mixtures // Standards and quality [Protivodejstvie nezakonnomu oborotu produkcii. Rynok cementa i betonnyh smesej // Standarty i kachestvo] 2023. No. 9. p. 10-12.

Bondar (2023) – Bondar L.A. On some directions of the Eurasian system of product quality assurance // Standards and quality [O nekotoryh napravleniyah evrazijskoj sistemy obespecheniya kachestva produkcii // Standarty i kachestvo] 2023. No. 7. p. 84-85.

Tkachenko (2021) – Tkachenko V.S. Who is responsible for the reliability and safety of pipeline systems? // Plumbing, Heating, Air Conditioning [Kto otvetstvenen za nadyozhnost’ i bezopasnost’ truboprovodnyh sistem? // Santekhnika, Otoplenie, Kondicionirovanie.] 2021. 235 No. 7. p. 16-20.

Ershova (2012) – Ershova I.V. Technical regulations as the main documents of technical regulation in the conditions of Russia’s accession to the WTO // Business in law [Tekhnicheskie reglamenty kak osnovnye dokumenty tekhnicheskogo regulirovaniya v usloviyah vstupleniya Rossii v VTO // Biznes v zakone] 2012. No. 5. p. 11-17.

Ershova (2013) – Ershova I.V. Standardization as an element of the legal mechanism of technical regulation in the conditions of economic integration // Business Law [Standartizaciya kak element pravovogo mekhanizma tekhnicheskogo regulirovaniya v usloviyah ekonomicheskoj integracii // Predprinimatel’skoe pravo] 2013. No. 1. p. 33-45.

Pugachev (2022) – Pugachev S.V. Federal Law “On Technical Regulation”: Twenty years later // Standards and quality [Federal’nyj zakon “O tekhnicheskom regulirovanii”: Dvadcat’ let spustya // Standarty i kachestvo] 2022. No. 12. p. 20-26.

Shelishch (2022) – Shelishch P.B. Counterfeiting of building materials and products is an unresolved problem of conformity assessment bodies // Product quality control [Fal’sifikat stroitel’nyh materialov i izdelij — nereshennaya problema organov po ocenke sootvetstviya // Kontrol’ kachestva produkcii] 2022. No. 4. p. 43-46.

Lotsmanov (2023) – Lotsmanov A.N. State control and supervision in the interests of conscientious business // Product quality control [Gosudarstvennyj kontrol’ i nadzor v interesah dobrosovestnogo biznesa // Kontrol’ kachestva produkcii] 2023. No. 2. p. 14-18.

Berdnikova (2019) – Berdnikova E.V. Public control in the political system of the Russian region: problems and prospects for development // News of Saratov University. New episode. Series: Sociology. Political science [Obshchestvennyj kontrol’ v politicheskoj sisteme rossijskogo regiona: problemy i perspektivy razvitiya // Izvestiya Saratovskogo un-ta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Sociologiya. Politologiya] 2019. 19 No. 3. p. 320–324.

Subject/topic In the civil science of Russia, there is no consensus on the legal nature of restitution, which negatively affects the quality of legislative and law enforcement activities on the recognition of transactions as invalid. It is this debatable aspect that requires its own scientific analysis.

Goals/objectives The article deals with the issues of the characteristics of the legal institution of restitution, restorative legal relations and their implementation, the correlation of restorative measures (consequences) with the vindication of property (rei vindicatio).

Methodology General scientific methods contributed to the analysis and synthesis of the scientific problem under study.

Conclusions The analysis of scientific works, legislation and judicial practice shows that restitution is a civil law institution, a legal means of implementing one of the basic principles of civil law – “restoration of the original position”. This is a legal concept that includes the norms of objective and subjective civil law, the legal obligations of the restitution participants, the return of property in kind, the reimbursement of its value, the restorative procedure and the mechanism of restitution. This institution is closely connected with vindication, conditioning, methods (measures) of civil protection and liability, restorative legal relations, which, in turn, relate to the system of protective civil legal relations.

Keywords: invalidity of transactions, legal consequences of invalidity, restitution, restorative legal relations, vindication.

References:

Mikhailich (1982) – Mikhailich A.M. Non-contractual obligations in Soviet civil law [Vnedogovornye obyazatel’stva v sovetskom grazhdanskom prave]. Krasnodar. 1982. S. 12 – 30.

Sinitsyn (2015) – Sinitsyn S.A.Restorative legal relations: concept, content, classification problems Sinitsyn S.A. Restorative legal relations: concept, content, classification problems [Restitucionnye pravootnosheniya: ponyatie, soderzhanie, problemy klassifikacii].YUrist. 2015. № 19. S. 23.

Tuzov (2007) – Tuzov D.O. Theory of invalidity of transactions: the experience of Russian law in the context of the European legal tradition [Teoriya nedejstvitel’nosti sdelok: opyt rossijskogo prava v kontekste evropejskoj pravovoj tradicii]. M.: Statut, 2007. S. 238 – 240, 415 – 475, 448 – 467.

Postanovleniya Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 23 iyunya 2015 g. № 25. // Rossijskaya gazeta”, № 140, 30.06.2015.

Myndrya (2003) – Myndrya D.I. Invalidity of a transaction that does not comply with the law or other legal acts [Nedejstvitel’nost’ sdelki, ne sootvetstvuyushchej zakonu ili inym pravovym aktam]: Avtoref. … kand. yurid. Nauk. Ekaterinburg, 2003. S. 9 .

Alekseev (2008) – Alekseev S.S. General theory of law [Obshchaya teoriya prava: uchebnik. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop.]. M., 2008. S. 314.

Karhalev (2009) – Karhalev D.N. Protective civil legal relationship. [Ohranitel’noe grazhdanskoe pravootnoshenie]. M.: Statut, 2009. S. 79.

Motovilovker (1991) – Motovilovker E.YA.  Theory of regulatory and protective law [Teoriya regulyativnogo i ohranitel’nogo prava ].Voprosy teorii ohranitel’nyh pravootnoshenij. YAroslavl’, 1991. S. 48 – 56.

Muromtsev (2004) – Muromtsev S.A. Definition and basic division of law [Opredelenie i osnovnoe razdelenie prava]. Vstup. stat’ya YU.I. Grevcova. SPb., 2004. S. 78, 84.

Protasov (1991) – Protasov V. N. Protective legal relationship – the main relationship for the legal process [Ohranitel’noe pravootnoshenie – osnovnoe otnoshenie dlya yuridicheskogo processa]. Voprosy teorii ohranitel’nyh pravootnoshenij. YAroslavl’, 1991. S. 77.

Tolstoy (1959) – Tolstoy Yu.K. Towards the theory of legal relations [K teorii pravootnosheniya]. L., 1959. S. 46.

Grazhdanskij kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii (chast’ vtoraya)” ot 26.01.1996 № 14-FZ // Sobranie zakonodatel’stva RF”, 29.01.1996, № 5, st. 410.

Egorov (2004) – Egorov Yu. P. Legal regime of transactions as means of individual civil law regulation: [Pravovoj rezhim sdelok kak sredstv individual’nogo grazhdansko-pravovogo regulirovaniya]: Avtoref. …d-ra yurid. nauk. Ekaterinburg, 2004. S. 23.

Andreev (2010) – Andreev Yu.N. The mechanism of civil protection. [Mekhanizm grazhdansko-pravovoj zashchity]. M.: Norma: INFRA-M. 2010. S. 336 – 360.

Krasnova (2013) –  Krasnova S.A. System of methods of protection of property rights [Sistema sposobov zashchity veshchnyh prav]. M.: Infra-M., 2013. S. 683 – 106.

Lorenz (2012) – Lorenz D.V.Vindication: the legal nature and problems of implementation [Vindikaciya: yuridicheskaya priroda i problemy realizacii]. M.: INFRA-M, 2012. S. 7 – 44.

Novoselova, Podshivalov (2012) – Novoselova A.A., Podshivalov T.P. Property claims: problems of theory and practice [Veshchnye iski: problemy teorii i praktiki]. M.: INFRA-M, 2012. S. 81 – 123.

Plenum Verhovnogo Suda RF i Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda RF svoim Postanovleniem ot 29 aprelya 2010 g. № 10/22 (v red. ot 23.06.2015) «O nekotoryh voprosah, voznikayushchih v sudebnoj praktike pri razreshenii sporov, svyazannyh s zashchitoj prava sobstvennosti i drugih veshchnyh prav» // Byulleten’ Verhovnogo Suda RF. 2010. № 7.

Savelieva (2003) – Savelieva O.Yu.Invalidity of transactions in civil circulation [Nedejstvitel’nost’ sdelok v grazhdanskom oborote]: Avtoref. …kand. yurid. nauk. Ryazan’, 2003. S. 10.

Civil law: Textbook: in 4 vols. vol. 2 [Grazhdanskoe pravo: uchebnik: V 4 t. T. 2] Otv. red. E.A. Suhanov. M., 2007. S. 183.

Braginsky, Vitryansky (1997) – Braginsky M.I., Vitryansky V.V. Contract law. General provisions [Dogovornoe pravo. Obshchie polozheniya] M., 1997. S. 629, 655.

Tuzov (2002) – Tuzov D.O. Restitution and vindication: problems of correlation [Restituciya i vindikaciya: problemy sootnosheniya].Vestnik VAS RF. 2002. № 3. S. 119.

Subject/topic The subject of the study is a set of regulatory legal acts regulating responsibility for child abuse in the Russian Federation and foreign countries.

Goals/task The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze legal problems in the application of responsibility for child abuse in Russian and foreign law.

Methodology The methodological basis is represented by a set of methods of scientific cognition of objective legal reality applied in the course of preparation and writing: comparative legal method, formal legal method, logical method, method of legal modeling.

Conclusion The problem of child abuse has only recently become one of the most significant problems studied in the field of human rights protection. At the same time, it is impossible not to recognize the natural nature and evidence of its significance and topicality. Indeed, if human rights are currently regarded as the most significant constitutional value and as the basic area of research of the entire legal science, then the rights of the child as actually the least protected subject cannot but be considered as a priority for the institute of human rights.

Keywords: child, parents, ill-treatment, family legal responsibility, criminal liability, multiple elements of the crime, Muslim law, Russian law, Romano-German law.

References:

Shcherba (2011) – Shcherba S.P. Review of the investigative practice of ensuring the rights of minors [Obzor sledstvennoj praktiki obespecheniya prav nesovershennoletnix] / S.P. Shcherba, N.A. Kuznetsova, A.A. Zhidkikh // Newsletter of the Investigative Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. – 2011. – No. 2. – pp. 43-48.

Mardakhaeva (2005) – Mardakhaeva P.N. Deprivation of parental rights as a measure of family legal responsibility [Lishenie roditel`skix prav kak mera semejno-pravovoj otvetstvennosti]: dis. … cand. jurid. Sciences : 12.00.03 / Mardakhaeva Polina Nikolaevna. – Moscow, 2005. – 189 p.

Silanov (2007) – Silanov K.S. Criminological study of child abuse and juvenile crimes associated with cruelty [Kriminologicheskoe izuchenie zhestokogo obrashheniya s det`mi i prestuplenij nesovershennoletnix, sopryazhenny`x s zhestokost`yu]: dis. … cand. jurid. Sciences : 12.00.08 / Konstantin Sergeevich Silanov. – Moscow, 2007. – 225 p.

Kartavchenko (2008) – Kartavchenko V.V. Criminal and legal aspects of ill-treatment of minors : dis. … cand. jurid. Sciences [Ugolovno-pravovy`e aspekty` zhestokogo obrashheniya s nesovershennoletnimi]: 12.00.08 / Kartavchenko Victoria Vladimirovna. – Krasnodar, 2008. – 206 p.

Koval (2013) – Koval N.V. Child abuse: criminological and criminal law problems [Zhestokoe obrashhenie s det`mi: kriminologicheskie i ugolovno-pravovy`e problemy`]: dis. … cand. jurid. sciences’ / Koval Natalia Viktorovna. – Moscow, 2013. – 224 p.

Kozlova (2013) – Kozlova N. What is juvenile justice and why parents struggle with it [Chto takoe yuvenal`naya yusticiya i pochemu s nej boryutsya roditeli] / N. Kozlova // Rossiyskaya Gazeta. – 2013. – February 11. – p. 2.

7 Bergmann (2008) – The Civil Code of Germany [Grazhdanskoe ulozhenie Germanii ] / Ed.-comp. V. Bergmann. M.: Walters-Kluwer, 2008. – 872 p.

Mukhamadeev (2013) – Family law in Islam: an educational and methodological complex [Semejnoe pravo v Islame: uchebno-metodicheskij kompleks ] / Comp. I.T. Mukhamadeev. – Ufa: BSPU, 2013. – 78 p.

Shohpirai (2019) – Shohpirai Athar. The rights of orphaned children in Islam [Prava detej-sirot v islame] / Athar Shohpirai // Bulletin of the Tajik National University. – 2019. – № 5-2. – pp. 260-265.

Mushkarev (2021) – Mushkarev A.A. Signs of child abuse [Priznaki zhestokogo obrashheniya s det`mi ] / A.A. Mushkarev // Alley of Science. – 2021. – No. 1. – pp. 766-769.

Avdeeva (2009) – Avdeeva L.A. Criminal and legal protection of family relations [Ugolovno-pravovaya oxrana semejny`x otnoshenij]: dis. … cand. jurid. sciences’: 12.00.08 / Avdeeva Lyubov Anatolyevna. – Saratov, 2009. – 201 p.

Ryadinskaya (2013) – Ryadinskaya O.A. Approaches to the definition and types of child abuse [Podxody` k opredeleniyu i vidy` zhestokogo obrashheniya s det`mi] / O.A. Ryadinskaya // Future of Science-2013. Materials of the international youth scientific conference. Volume 1 / Ed. by A.A. Gorokhov. – Kursk: CJSC “University Book”, 2013. – pp. 322-325.

Sukhonosenko (2017) – Sukhonosenko I.V. Child abuse as a basis for the application of measures of family and legal responsibility of parents [Zhestokoe obrashhenie s det`mi kak osnovanie primeneniya mer semejno-pravovoj otvetstvennosti roditelej] / I.V. Sukhonosenko // Education and science as strategic resources for the development of a modern state. Collection of scientific papers. – Saratov: RANEPA, 2017. – pp. 26-28.

Agamirov (2019) – Agamirov K.V. Theoretical, organizational, institutional and regulatory aspects of the prevention of suicidal behavior of minors [Teoreticheskie, organizacionno-institucional`ny`e i normativno-pravovy`e aspekty` preduprezhdeniya suicidal`nogo povedeniya nesovershennoletnix ] / K.V. Agamirov // Russian Justice. – 2019. – No. 8. – pp. 52-55.

The review provides a scientific analysis of the content of the monograph by Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Zhuravlev, dedicated to the problem of applying multi-branch measures of state coercion in the activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the topic is confirmed, the positive aspects of the study are noted: original author’s conclusions, judgments, inferences, statements, arguments, proposals and recommendations that are important both for public law doctrine and for the practice of public administration, public service activities. An advantage of the monographic research is its interdisciplinary nature, based on the provisions of jurisprudence, management theory, philosophy, psychology, morality, ethics, morality and other areas of scientific knowledge. Attention is drawn to certain aspects of the monographic research that could lead to further scientific discussion. A final assessment of the monograph is given.

Keywords: internal affairs bodies, criminal law coercion, administrative law coercion, civil law coercion, disciplinary coercion.

References:

Zhuravlev (2023) ‒ Zhuravlev V.V. Industry coercion in the activities of internal affairs bodies: monograph. – Ryazan: Ryazan branch of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after V. Ya. Kikot [Otraslevoye prinuzhdeniye v deyatel’nosti organov vnutrennikh del : monografiya. – Ryazan’ : Ryazanskiy filial Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii imeni V. YA. Kikotya], 2023. – 150 p.Balandyuk (2015) ‒ Balandyuk O.V. Execution of measures of criminal procedural coercion: author’s abstract. dis. …cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.09 – Criminal procedure, criminology and forensic examination; operational investigative activities. – Omsk: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Omsk Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation” [Ispolneniye mer ugolovno-protsessual’nogo prinuzhdeniya : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk : 12.00.09 – Ugolovnyy protsess, kriminalistika i sudebnaya ekspertiza; operativno-rozysknaya deyatel’nost’. – Omsk: FGKOU VO «Omskaya akademiya Ministerstva vnutrennikh del Rossiyskoy Federatsii»], 2015. – 22 p.Baryshev (2007) ‒ Baryshev V.V. Institute of administrative coercion: the relationship between substantive and procedural law: author’s abstract. dis. …cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.14 – Administrative law; administrative process. – Rostov-on-Don: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation” [Institut administrativnogo prinuzhdeniya: sootnosheniye material’nogo i protsessual’nogo prava : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk : 12.00.14 – Administrativnoye pravo; administrativnyy protsess. – Rostov-na-Donu: FGKOU VO «Rostovskiy yuridicheskiy institut Ministerstva vnutrennikh del Rossiyskoy Federatsii»], 2007. – 27 p.Garayeva (2021) ‒ Garayeva T.B. Grounds for the use of other measures of criminal procedural coercion: author’s abstract. dis. …cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.09 – Criminal procedure, criminology and forensic examination; operational investigative activities.” – Omsk: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Omsk Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation” [Osnovaniya primeneniya inykh mer ugolovno-protsessual’nogo prinuzhdeniya : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk : 12.00.09 – Ugolovnyy protsess, kriminalistika i sudebnaya ekspertiza; operativno-rozysknaya deyatel’nost’». – Omsk: FGKOU VO «Omskaya akademiya Ministerstva vnutrennikh del Rossiyskoy Federatsii»], 2021. – 23 p.Kaplunov (2005) ‒ Kaplunov A.I. Administrative coercion applied by internal affairs bodies (systemic and legal analysis): abstract. dis. … Doctor of Law Sciences: 12.00.14 – Administrative law; administrative process.” – Moscow: FGKOU VO “Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia”[ Administrativnoye prinuzhdeniye, primenyayemoye organami vnutrennikh del (sistemno-pravovoy analiz) : avtoref. dis. … doktora yurid. nauk : 12.00.14 – Administrativnoye pravo; administrativnyy protsess». – Moskva: FGKOU VO «Moskovskiy universitet MVD Rossii»], 2005. – 59 p.Korkin (2004) ‒ Korkin A.V. Institute of Administrative Legal Coercion: Measures Applied by Police Officers: Abstract of thesis. dis. …cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.14 – Administrative law; administrative process. – Chelyabinsk: Yuzh.-Ur. state univ [Institut administrativno-pravovogo prinuzhdeniya: mery, primenyayemyye sotrudnikami militsii : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk: 12.00.14 – Administrativnoye pravo; administrativnyy protsess. – Chelyabinsk: Yuzh.-Ur. gos. un-t], 2004. – 23 p.Kuzbagarov (2020) ‒ Kuzbagarov E.A. Coercion in civil law in the public interest: abstract. dis. …cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.03 – Civil law; business law; family law; international private law. – Moscow: Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation named after V.Ya. Kikotya [Prinuzhdeniye v grazhdanskom prave v publichnom interese : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk : 12.00.03 – Grazhdanskoye pravo; predprinimatel’skoye pravo; semeynoye pravo; mezhdunarodnoye chastnoye pravo. – Moskva: Moskovskiy universitet Ministerstva vnutrennikh del Rossiyskoy Federatsii imeni V.YA. Kikotya], 2020. – 25 p.Kutuev (2004) ‒ Kutuev E.K. Criminal procedural coercion in the pre-trial stages: author’s abstract. dis. … doc. legal Sciences: 12.00.09 – Criminal procedure, criminology and forensic examination; operational investigative activities. – St. Petersburg: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia” [Ugolovno-protsessual’noye prinuzhdeniye v dosudebnykh stadiyakh : avtoref. dis. … dokt. yurid. nauk : 12.00.09 – Ugolovnyy protsess, kriminalistika i sudebnaya ekspertiza; operativno-rozysknaya deyatel’nost’. – Sankt-Peterburg: FGKOU VO «Sankt-Peterburgskiy universitet MVD Rossii»], 2004. – 41 p.Kuchenin (2013) ‒ Kuchenin E.S. Administrative and legal support of service discipline in internal affairs bodies: author’s abstract. dis. …cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.14 – Administrative law; administrative process. – Moscow: Mosk. University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia [Administrativno-pravovoye obespecheniye sluzhebnoy distsipliny v organakh vnutrennikh del : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk : 12.00.14 – Administrativnoye pravo; administrativnyy protsess. – Moskva: Mosk. un-t MVD Rossii], 2013. – 26 p.Lezhenin (2004) ‒ Lezhenin A.V. Administrative and preventive measures of legal coercion: author’s abstract. dis. …cand. legal Sciences: 12.00.14 – Administrative law; administrative process. – Voronezh: Voronezh. state univ.[ Administrativno-predupreditel’nyye mery pravovogo prinuzhdeniya : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk : 12.00.14 – Administrativnoye pravo; administrativnyy protsess. – Voronezh: Voronezh. gos. un-t], 2004. – 23 p.Maksimov (2005) ‒ Maksimov I.V. Administrative punishments in the system of administrative coercive measures: (conceptual problems): author’s abstract. dis. … doc. legal Sciences: 12.00.14 – Administrative law; administrative process. – Saratov: State educational institution of higher professional education “Saratov State Academy of Law” [Administrativnyye nakazaniya v sisteme mer administrativnogo prinuzhdeniya : (kontseptual’nyye problemy) : avtoref. dis. … dokt. yurid. nauk : 12.00.14 – Administrativnoye pravo; administrativnyy protsess. – Saratov: Gosudarstvennoye obrazovatel’noye uchrezhdeniye vysshego professional’nogo obrazovaniya «Saratovskaya gosudarstvennaya akademiya prava»], 2005. – 55 p.

Subject / topic The article considers the specificity and role of interaction between the scientific community and public authorities in the judicial process. The institute of the scientific advisory council is considered as an element of the relationship between representatives of the scientific environment and public authorities. The object of the study is the social relations that develop in the course of the activities of scientific advisory councils within the legal framework of the Russian Federation. Subject of research: legal norms regulating the specifics and role of scientific advisory councils in the Russian legal system, as well as the institute of «friends of the court».

Goals / tasks The purpose of this study is to examine the institutional effectiveness of scientific advisory councils, their influence on the adoption of legislative decisions and the development of the legal system in the Russian Federation, as well as on the basis of the study to develop proposals aimed at improving the institution of scientific advisory councils. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to study and analyze the historical development of the Institute of scientific advisory councils in Russia, to determine the main functions and tasks assigned to scientific advisory councils, to analyze the role of the scientific advisory council in the legal system, to evaluate the effectiveness of the scientific advisory council in solving legal problems and supporting development legal system, identification of problems and the proposal of recommendations for the improvement of the institute of scientific advisory councils in the Russian Federation.

Methodology Methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, description, methods of formal logic were used.

Conclusion The article provides an analysis of the historical development of scientific advisory councils in Russia. The evaluation of the effectiveness and role of scientific advisory councils in solving legal issues and supporting the development of the legal system is given. Problems have been identified and recommendations for changes in the organization of scientific advisory councils have been proposed. It is concluded that the recommendations of scientific advisory councils are a valuable source of information, as they help to overcome disagreements arising in the process of implementation of norms in practice, and contribute to filling gaps in the legal system.

Keywords: Scientific Advisory Council, initiative scientific conclusions, science and law, recommendations of the Scientific Advisory Council, interaction of the court and the scientific community, friends of the court.

References:

Feldman (2009) – Robin Feldman. The Role of Science in Law // Oxford Academic Books, 2009.

Brezhnev (2018) – Brezhnev O.V. Initiative scientific conclusions as a form of using special knowledge in Russian constitutional court proceedings // Gaps in Russian legislation [Iniciativnye nauchnye zaklyucheniya kak forma ispol’zovaniya special’nyh poznanij v rossijskom konstitucionnom sudoproizvodstve // Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve]. 2018. № 6. P. 31-33.

Lavrent’ev (2019) – Lavrent’ev A.R. About the experience of the Scientific Advisory Council at the Legislative Assembly of the Nizhny Novgorod region in conducting a comprehensive examination of regulatory material // History, theory, practice of Russian law [Ob opyte Nauchno-konsul’tativnogo soveta pri Zakonodatel’nom Sobranii Nizhegorodskoj oblasti pri provedenii kompleksnoj ekspertizy normativnogo materiala // Istoriya, teoriya, praktika rossijskogo prava]. 2019. № 12. P. 344-370.

Kolybin (2018) – Kolybin A.V. Prospects for increasing the role of Constitutional Justice in the development of Russian Legal Doctrine // Modern science: actual problems of theory and practice. Series: economics and law [Perspektivy povysheniya roli konstitucionnoj yusticii v razvitii rossijskoj pravovoj doktriny // Sovremennaya nauka: aktual’nye problemy teorii i praktiki. Seriya: EKONOMIKA i PRAVO]. 2018. № 04. P. 146-150.

Ibragimova (2021) – Ibragimova YU.E. Organizational and legal mechanism for establishing and eliminating gaps in legislation: dissertation… Candidate of Legal Sciences: 12.00.01. M. [Organizacionno-pravovoj mekhanizm ustanovleniya i ustraneniya probelov v zakonodatel’stve: dissertaciya … kandidata yuridicheskih nauk: 12.00.01. M]. 2021. – 241 s.

Bondar’ (2021) – Bondar’ N.S., Dzhagaryan A.A. Justice: orientation to the Constitution: monograph. – M.: Norma: INFRA-M [Pravosudie: orientaciya na Konstituciyu: monografiya. – M.: Norma: INFRA-M]. 2021. – 224 p.

Dmitrieva, Savel’ev (2018) – Dmitrieva A.V., Savel’ev D.A. Sources of replenishment of the judicial corps of the Russian Federation and the role of the court apparatus (Series “Analytical notes on law enforcement problems”). SPb: IPP EUSPb. [Istochniki popolneniya sudejskogo korpusa RF i rol’ apparata sudov (Seriya «Analiticheskie zapiski po problemam pravoprimeneniya»). SPb: IPP EUSPb]. 2018. – 16 p.