Abstract

Subject/Topic The influence of digital transformation on the formation of institutional mechanisms in business considered, the result of which new human-machine systems of various levels of complexity appear, and labor represents the integration of human activity and inanimate devices working according to his commands.

Objective Study of the features of the formation of new business institutions under the influence of digital technologies and data flows, differentiation of entrepreneurship institutions depending on the organizational forms of business and the business models used.

Methodology An interdisciplinary approach applied, which consists of, first, a comprehensive analysis of the provisions of institutional theory. Second, the use of digital technologies. Third, analyze the content of the labor process in the digital transformation. Forth, the determinate the means of production in the form of digital business models and organizational forms of business.

Results The digital transformation tools deployed by various business types influence institution-forming factors, the main ones being organizational forms and digital business models. The shift in the content of labor as a creative activity leads to the emergence of human-machine systems, the use of digital platforms for communications and innovative product development, and the creation of new organizational structures and business development institutions.

Conclusions Revealed that the institutional changes in business are under the influence of technological factors. The institution-forming factors are, firstly, organizational ones, which at the macro level lead to the emergence of new types and actors of economic activity and the formation of ecosystems, and at the micro level – the introduction of digital business models in almost all forms of business.  Secondly, technological factors are digital platforms that integrate participants in socio-economic processes and lead to the emergence of a new socio-economic human-machine system.

Keywords: institutional transformation, data economics, digital technologies, business institutions, business models, labor.

References:

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Abstract

Subject/Topic The subject of the study is unemployment as a socio-economic phenomenon and an element of the functioning of the labor market in the Russian Federation. The topic of the paper is related to the analysis of the current state of unemployment, the factors of its formation and the directions of improvement of the state employment policy.

Aims/Objectives The purpose of the study is to identify key trends in the development of unemployment and assess its impact on the labor market. To achieve this goal, the objectives are to analyze the dynamics of the unemployment rate, identify structural employment imbalances, and determine the impact of demographic, economic, and institutional factors.

Results/findings. As a result of the study, it was found that with low unemployment, structural problems persist related to the discrepancy between the qualifications of employees and the requirements of the economy and regional differentiation of employment. It is concluded that there is a need to improve the state employment policy aimed at developing human capital and increasing the efficiency of using labor resources.

Keywords: unemployment, labor market, employment, unemployment rate, labor resources, employment policy, structural unemployment, Russian economy.

References:

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Alpidovskaya M.L., Kochetova (2025) – Alpidovskaya M. L., Kochetova Ya. A. On the issue of labor force reproduction in modern Russia // Bulletin of the North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov. 2025. No. 4. Pp. 212–225.

Abstract

Subject/topic The study examines the impact of geopolitical instability on Russia’s financial market and economy amid global crisis processes after 2014. Particular attention is paid to the effects of sanctions pressure, foreign policy conflicts, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the transformation of international economic relations on the country’s macroeconomic dynamics.

Objective To compare the crisis episodes of 2014–2015, 2020, and 2022, identify the main channels through which external shocks are transmitted to the Russian economy, and assess the effectiveness of the adaptation measures implemented.

Methodology The research is based on comparative historical analysis, the synthesis of statistical data from Rosstat, the Bank of Russia, and international financial institutions, as well as the comparison of key macroeconomic indicators across different crisis periods.

Results The study finds that geopolitical instability exerts a complex influence on the Russian economy through exchange-rate, inflationary, investment, and foreign trade channels. The crises differed in their origins and mechanisms of development, yet produced similar consequences, including a decline in economic activity, depreciation of the national currency, and heightened uncertainty. The findings highlight the importance of a floating exchange rate, accumulated reserves, government anti-crisis measures, and the reorientation of external economic relations as key factors enhancing the economy’s resilience to external shocks. It is also revealed that the Russian economy’s capacity to adapt to external restrictions gradually increased as experience in crisis management accumulated and mechanisms of internal economic resilience developed.

Keywords: sanctions; geopolitical instability; financial crisis; import substitution; Russian economy; GDP.

References:

Andreeva, Kurinova, Sukhoveeva (2020) – Andreeva O.V., Kurinova Ya.I., Sukhoveeva A.A. Anti-crisis measures of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in modern economic conditions and problems of their implementation [Antikrizisnye mery gosudarstvennoi podderzhki subektov malogo i srednego predprinimatelstva v sovremennykh ekonomicheskikh usloviyakh, problemy ikh realizatsii] / O. V. Andreeva, Ya. I. Kurinova, A. A. Sukhoveeva. Bulletin of the Altai Academy of Economics and Law [Vestnik Altaiskoi akademii ekonomiki i prava]. 2020. No. 9-1. P. 5-11. DOI 10.17513/vaael.1295 [in Russian].

Borisova (2025) – Borisova E. A. Difficulties in reorienting Russia’s foreign trade from West to East: logistics and transport [Slozhnosti pereorientatsii vneshnei torgovli Rossii s Zapada na Vostok: logistika i transport] / E. A. Borisova. Eastern Analytics [Vostochnaia analitika]. 2025. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 9-24. DOI 10.31696/2227-5568-2025-02-009-024 [in Russian].

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Abstract

Subject/Topic The subject of the research is the patterns and factors of changes in the investment attractiveness of companies under the influence of macroeconomic and sectoral transformations, as well as methodological aspects of evaluating companies and choosing capital raising tools.

Goals/Objectives The purpose of the study is to comprehensively analyze the impact of economic transformation on the investment attractiveness of modern Russian companies and identify the most effective ways of financing in the current environment.

Methodology The methodological basis of the study is the analysis of macroeconomic and industry statistics, the study of the dynamics of key financial indicators of Russian companies, as well as a comparative approach to assessing the effectiveness of various capital raising tools in conditions of high key interest rates and structural shifts.

Results The study shows that, despite the adaptation of businesses to the new macroeconomic reality and the growing number of companies in the IT and scientific sectors, problems remain with the dominance of liquidations over the creation of new enterprises, especially among SMEs in the fields of construction, trade and services. It is proved that high key interest rates, currency volatility and the outflow of non-residents from the stock market reduce the market capitalization of Russian companies and distort traditional valuation metrics, which increases the asymmetry of the perception of investment attractiveness by the market.

Conclusion It is concluded that there is a need to rethink approaches to assessing investment attractiveness, taking into account macroeconomic turbulence, increasing financial transparency of companies, as well as developing capital raising tools adapted to the conditions of high cost of borrowed funds and limited domestic demand. The directions of strategic and instrumental improvement of corporate financial policy are proposed, including the use of P/FCF for fair valuation, optimization of the capital structure, a combination of public offerings with bond and project mechanisms, which contributes to strengthening the financial stability and long-term investment attractiveness of Russian companies.

Keywords: investment attractiveness, transformation, stock market, financing, economy.

References:

Khudaibergenova, Dovletova, Khudaiberdiev, Annamukhammedova (2023) – Khudaibergenova G., Dovletova A., Khudaiberdiev Ya., Annamukhammedova D. Investment attractiveness [Investicionnaya privlekatel’nost’] // CETERIS PARIBUS. 2023. No. 12.

Tsekhomsky (2022) – Tsekhomsky N. V. Investment attractiveness and investment climate [Investicionnaya privlekatel’nost’ i investicionnyj klimat] // Theory and practice of the service: economics, social sphere, technology [Teoriya i praktika servisa: ekonomika, social’naya sfera, tekhnologii]. 2022. №1 (51).

Maslennikova (2017) – Maslennikova E. V. Investment attractiveness of the region: assessment methods and ratings of investment attractiveness [Investicionnaya privlekatel’nost’ regiona: metodiki ocenki i rejtingi investicionnoj privlekatel’nosti] // Society, economics, management [Obshchestvo, ekonomika, upravlenie]. 2017. No. 2.

Mizina, Subbotina (2022) – Mizina A. D., Subbotina T. N. Investment attractiveness of the company [Investicionnaya privlekatel’nost’ kompanii] // Economics and Business: theory and practice [Ekonomika i biznes: teoriya i praktika]. 2022. No. 2.

Zlotnikova, Mikhailov, Kosach (2022) – Zlotnikova G. K., Mikhailov D. I., Kosach N. A. IFRS and investment attractiveness of Russia [MSFO i investicionnaya privlekatel’nost’ Rossii] // Chronoeconomics [Khronoekonomika]. 2022. No. 3 (37).

Kalinina (2024) – Kalinina E. V. Directions of digital transformation of the Russian economy [Napravleniya cifrovoj transformacii rossijskoj ekonomiki] // MNIZh. 2024. No. 9 (147).

Buklemishev (2023) – Buklemishev O. V. Structural transformation of the Russian economy and economic policy [Strukturnaya transformaciya rossijskoj ekonomiki i ekonomicheskaya politika] // Problems of forecasting [Problemy prognozirovaniya]. 2023. No. 4.

Buevich (2024) – Buevich A. P. Implementation of PPP projects and ways of financing them in Russia [Realizaciya GChP-proektov i sposoby ih finansirovaniya v Rossii] // CE. 2024. No. 7.

Alyoshina, Bulgakov, Maksimova (2022) – Alyoshina A. V., Bulgakov A. L., Maksimova A. I. Attracting financing to the company: issuing shares, bonds, loans and other methods [Privlechenie finansirovaniya v kompaniyu: vypusk akcij, obligacij, kredity i inye sposoby] // Innovations and investments [Innovacii i investicii]. 2022. No. 3.

Sysoeva, Kazakevich (2025) – Sysoeva E. F., Kazakevich A. I. Evolution, essence and consequences of project financing [Evolyuciya, sushchnost’ i posledstviya proektnogo finansirovaniya] // Bulletin of the VSU. Series: Economics and Management [Vestnik VSU. Seriya: Ekonomika i upravlenie]. 2025. No. 1.

Gerzelieva, Gareev (2025) – Gerzelieva Zh. I., Gareev A. I. Features of venture financing of innovative projects [Osobennosti venchurnogo finansirovaniya innovacionnyh proektov] // Audit reports [Auditorskie vedomosti]. 2025. No. 2.

Abstract

Subject/Topic The subject of the study is the 2026 tax reform and its impact on the dynamics of tax revenues and the financial stability of the Russian economy in the context of an expanding budget deficit.

Goals/Objectives The purpose of this study is to comprehensively analyze the impact of the 2026 tax reform—increasing VAT to 22% and reducing limits for the simplified tax system and patent tax system—on the dynamics of tax revenues and the financial stability of the Russian economy in the context of an expanding budget deficit in the current business environment.

Methodology The methodological basis of the study is the analysis of macroeconomic and industry statistics, the study of the dynamics of key financial indicators of Russian companies, as well as a comparative approach to assessing the effectiveness of various capital raising tools in conditions of high key interest rates and structural shifts.

Results The methodological basis of the study is based on systems analysis and institutional, functional, and scenario approaches. The empirical basis of the study is formed by two official sources:

1. Form 1-NM “Report on the Accrual and Receipt of Taxes, Fees, Insurance Contributions, and Other Mandatory Payments to the Budget System of the Russian Federation” of the Federal Tax Service – data presented as a cumulative total since the beginning of the year as of the first day of the month following the reporting month. Reports as of April 1, 2025, and April 1, 2026 were used. Cross-validation of VAT data with Ministry of Finance data confirmed the correctness of the interpretation (the discrepancy is within the rounding error).
2. “Brief Information on Federal Budget Execution” – monthly report of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, cumulative total since the beginning of the year, in billions of rubles, for 2011-2026.

Conclusion A conclusion was made that a targeted increase in the tax burden is insufficient to compensate for the systemic fiscal imbalance.

Keywords: tax reform, VAT, simplified tax system, patent tax system, budget deficit, Laffer curve, tax stability.

References:

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Saez E., Slemrod J., Giertz S.H. The Elasticity of Taxable Income with Respect to Marginal Tax Rates: A Critical Review // [Journal of Economic Literature]. 2012. Vol. 50, No. 1. P. 3–50.

Gamarra Rondinel A., Hines Jr. J.R., Sanz-Sanz J.F. Tax Reform and the Laffer Curve // [NBER Working Paper]. 2025. No. 34059.

Trabandt M., Uhlig H. The Laffer Curve Revisited // [Journal of Monetary Economics]. 2011. Vol. 58, No. 4. P. 305–327.

Sanz-Sanz J.F. A Full-Fledged Analytical Model for the Laffer Curve in Personal Income Taxation // [Economic Analysis and Policy]. 2022. Vol. 73. P. 795–811.

Lavrovsky B.L., Goryushkina (2025) – Lavrovsky B.L., Goryushkina E.A. Tax revenues in the Russian Federation: sectoral and regional structural shifts // [Regional studies of Russia]. 2025. Т. 15. С. 202–214.

Andronova O.A., Izryadnova O.I., Kazakova (2020) – Andronova O.A., Izryadnova O.I., Kazakova M.V. The modern tax system of Russia: basic principles, reforms and role in ensuring the economic security of the country // [Economic relations]. 2020. Т. 10, № 4. С. 1365–1386.

Abstract

Subject/Topic The article examines interregional labor market disparities in the constituent entities of the Central Federal District.

Goals/Objectives To identify persistent differences in employment, wages and migration attractiveness among the regions of the Central Federal District, as well as to explain how these differences are related to the spatial concentration of economic growth.

Methodology Interregional comparison of employment, unemployment, wage and migration indicators across the regions of the Central Federal District; analysis of statistical data from the Bank of Russia, Rosstat and Demoscope Weekly combined with the results of scientific studies on internal labor migration, spatial inequality and regional economic growth.

Results/Conclusions and Proposals It is established that under conditions of record-low unemployment the main indicator of territorial imbalance is determined not so much by the scale of open unemployment as by wage gaps, differences in job quality and selective labor migration. The study substantiates that the labor market of the Central Federal District has a hierarchical structure with a clearly distinguishable metropolitan core, an industrial semi-peripheral belt, transitional regions and peripheral donor territories of labor resources. It is concluded that migration within the Central Federal District more often reinforces the existing “center–periphery” polarization than smooths it, while the relationship between the labor market and economic growth is realized through a cumulative mechanism of “investment – productivity – wages – labor inflow – new growth”.

Keywords: labor market; Central Federal District; interregional disparities; employment; unemployment; wages; labor migration; economic growth; spatial development; human capital.

References:

Avdeeva, Akindinova, Denisenko (2025) – Avdeeva D. A., Akindinova N. V., Denisenko M. B. Contribution of Migrants to the Gross Regional Product of Moscow [Vklad migrantov v proizvodstvo valovogo regional’nogo produkta Moskvy] // Voprosy Ekonomiki [Voprosy ekonomiki]. 2025. No. 10. P. 85–103.

Barinova, Rochia, Zemtsov (2022) – Barinova V. A., Rochia S., Zemtsov S. P. Attraction of Highly Qualified Migrants to the Regions of Russia [Privlechenie vysokokvalifitsirovannykh migrantov v regiony Rossii] // Regional Science Policy & Practice. 2022. Vol. 14. No. 1. P. 147–173.

Varshavskaya, Denisenko (2025) – Varshavskaya E. Ya., Denisenko M. B. Migrants in the Moscow Labor Market [Migranty na rynke truda Moskvy] // Voprosy Ekonomiki [Voprosy ekonomiki]. 2025. No. 1. P. 44–70.

Gurvich, Vakulenko (2017) – Gurvich E. T., Vakulenko E. S. Macroeconomic and Structural Properties of the Russian Labor Market: Cross-Country Comparison [Makroekonomicheskie i strukturnye svoistva rossiiskogo rynka truda: mezhstranovoe sravnenie] // Rossiiskii Ekonomicheskii Zhurnal [Rossiiskii ekonomicheskii zhurnal]. 2017. Vol. 3. No. 4. P. 411–424.

Guriev, Vakulenko (2015) – Guriev S. M., Vakulenko E. S. Escaping Poverty Traps: Internal Migration and Interregional Convergence in Russia [Vykhod iz lovushek bednosti: vnutrennyaya migratsiya i mezhregional’naya konvergentsiya v Rossii] // Journal of Comparative Economics. 2015. Vol. 43. No. 3. P. 633–649.

Zubarevich, Safronov (2024) – Zubarevich N. V., Safronov S. G. Interregional Inequality in Russia and Post-Soviet Countries in the 21st Century [Mezhregional’noe neravenstvo v Rossii i postsovetskikh stranakh v XXI veke] // Regional Research of Russia. 2024. Vol. 14. P. 513–524.

Mkrtchyan (2015) – Mkrtchyan N. V. Spatial Features of Internal Migration in the Metropolitan Region [Prostranstvennye osobennosti vnutrirossiiskoi migratsii naseleniya stolichnogo regiona] // Regional’nye Issledovaniya [Regional’nye issledovaniya]. 2015. No. 4. P. 84–93.

Mkrtchyan, Florinskaya (2019) – Mkrtchyan N. V., Florinskaya Yu. F. Residents of Small and Medium-Sized Russian Cities: Labor Migration as an Alternative to Permanent Departure [Zhiteli malykh i srednikh gorodov Rossii: trudovaya migratsiya kak al’ternativa bezvozvratnomu ot”ezdu] // Journal of the New Economic Association [Zhurnal Novoi ekonomicheskoi assotsiatsii]. 2019. No. 3 (43). P. 78–94.

Chaplitskaya, Tassinari, Heyman, van Ofem (2024) – Chaplitskaya A., Tassinari G., Heyman V., van Ofem J. Rural-to-Urban Migration within Russia: Prospects and Drivers [Sel’sko-gorodskaya migratsiya vnutri Rossii: perspektivy i dvizhushchie sily] // Regional Science Policy & Practice. 2024. Vol. 16. No. 9. Art. 100053.

Shcherbakova (2025) – Shcherbakova E. M. In 2024, the Population Declined in 63 out of 85 Regions of the Russian Federation; Migration in Russia: Preliminary Results of 2024 [V 2024 godu sokratilos’ naselenie 63 iz 85 regionov-sub”ektov federatsii; Migratsiya v Rossii, predvaritel’nye itogi 2024 goda] // Demoscope Weekly [Demoskop Weekly]. 2025. No. 1057–1058.

Annotation

Subject/topic This article assesses the transformation of digital technologies and tools in the passenger transportation marketing market as part of the creation of network ecosystems that improve service quality and service levels. It presents key digital innovations used in aviation marketing, such as virtual and augmented reality technologies, digital twin prototypes, artificial intelligence-based projects, and digital systems for the Industrial Internet of Things.

Goals/tasks To formulate a series of methodological recommendations for assessing the effectiveness of the digital technology transformation process in the aviation marketing passenger transportation market, as well as to highlight the marketing features of the digital transformation of relationship marketing in Russia.

Methodology The methodological basis of the research consists of: concepts of marketing theory, systems theory and management.

Conclusions The most effective digital technologies currently actively used in aviation relationship marketing in the Russian passenger transportation market have been systematized. A typology of the most in-demand digital services, implemented by a large number of digital ecosystem clients, has been developed. It is demonstrated that the Russian aviation industry, covering air travel and aircraft operations, boasts a strong pool of highly qualified specialists and experts with significant experience using digital information tools, facilitating engagement in the digital transformation process.

Keywords: relationship marketing transformation, digital transformation, digital relationship marketing, digital ecosystems, digital technologies, airline marketing market, passenger transportation market

References

Kitova, Bruskin (2018) – Kitova, O. V., Bruskin, S.N. Digital Transformation of Business [Cifrovaya transformaciya biznesa]//Digital Economy [Cifrovaya ekonomika]. -2018.- No.1.- P.20-25.

Ananyin, Zimin, Lugachev (2018) – Ananyin, V. I., Zimin, K.V., Lugachev, R.D. Digital Enterprise: Transformation into a New Reality [Cifrovoe predpriyatie: transformaciya v novuyu real’nost’] // Business Informatics [Biznes-informatika]. – 2018. – №2 (44). – P. 45-54.

Ivanova, Arenkov, Smirnov (2018) – Ivanova, D. V. , Arenkov, S.A., Smirnov, S.A. Transformation of the enterprise management system during the transition to the digital economy [Transformaciya sistemy upravleniya predpriyatiem pri perekhode k cifrovoj ekonomike] // Russian Entrepreneurship [Rossijskoe predprinimatel’stvo], 2018, No. 19 (5). – P. 1711-1722.

Parasotskaya, Zubritskaya (2018) – Parasotskaya, N. N., Zubritskaya, A.V. Theoretical aspects of the digital transformation of the economy [Teoreticheskie aspekty cifrovoj transformacii ekonomiki] // Intellectual Property Exchange [Birzha intellektual’noj sobstvennosti.]. – 2018. – No.17 (8). – P. 13-18.

Avramchikov, Timokhovich, Rozhnov (2024) – Avramchikov, V.M., Timokhovich, A.S., Rozhnov, I.P. Digital Transformation in the Aviation Industry: Opportunities and Prospects [Cifrovaya transformaciya v aviacionnoj otrasli: vozmozhnosti i perspektivy] // Bulletin of Eurasian Science [Vestnik evrazijskoj nauki]. – 2024. – V. 16. – No. 3. – P. 1-16.

Samogorodskaya, Beinar, Narodina (2020) – Samogorodskaya, M.I., Beinar, I.A., Narolina, T.S. Features of Digital Transformation of Aerospace Industry Enterprises [Osobennosti cifrovoj transformacii predpriyatij aviakosmicheskoj otrasli]// Region: Systems, Economics, Management [Region: sistemy, ekonomika, upravlenie]. – 2020. – No. 1(48). – P. 91–97.

Lebedeva, Shubin (2011) – Lebedeva, L.A., Shubin, A.N. The Cargo Airline Brand as an Effective Tool for Promoting Services to the Market [Brend gruzovoj aviakompanii kak effektivnyj instrument prodvizheniya uslug na rynok] //Scientific Bulletin of MSTU GA [Nauchnyj Vestnik MGTU GA]. – 2011.- No. 167. – P. 149-153.

Pekhtereva (2021) – Pekhtereva, E.A. Passenger Air Transportation during the COVID-19 Pandemic [Passazhirskie aviaperevozki v period pandemii COVID-19]// Economic and Social Problems of Russia [Ekonomicheskie i social’nye problemy Rossii]. – 2021. – No. 3. – P. 13–36.

Sycheva, Ksenofontova, Gubenko (2015) – Sycheva, E.G., Ksenofontova, T.Yu., Gubenko A.V. Directions and Features of the Development of the Russian Air Transport System: Regional Aspect [Napravleniya i osobennosti razvitiya sistemy vozdushnogo transporta Rossii: regional’nyj aspekt] // Economics and Management [Ekonomika i upravlenie].- 2015.- No. 3 (113) – P. 11-17.

Kukushkin (2021) – Kukushkin S..N. Transactional Analysis of Business Systems [Transakcionnyj analiz biznes-sistem] // Bulletin of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics [Vestnik Rossijskogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta imeni G. V. Plekhanova]. –2021.- No. 1.- P.133-147

Abstract

Topic Analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of the oil industry in the Republic of Tatarstan under severe external sanctions pressure.

Objectives/tasks Consideration the key challenges faced by the region’s backbone enterprises, including restrictions on access to international capital markets and the need for urgent transformation of logistics chains.

Methodology Collection and analysis of existing scientific and practical materials, research of the oil industry in the Republic of Tatarstan, and system analysis.

Results/conclusions The paper analyzes the dynamics of oil production and export, as well as the impact of sanctions restrictions on the financial performance of the oil complex. Special attention is paid to the adaptation strategies of leading companies such as PJSC Tatneft, which have refocused their activities on import substitution, the development of their own high-tech industries and the deepening of hydrocarbon processing. In concludes of despite external shocks, Tatarstan’s oil and gas sector demonstrates high adaptability, supported by asset diversification and active government support.

Practical significance The practical significance is substantiating the thesis about the transition of large companies in the industry to a vertical integration model focused on the production of high-value-added products, which creates a fundamental margin of safety to ensure the technological sovereignty of the country in the medium and long term.

Keywords: oil industry, sanctions pressure, import substitution, advanced processing, technological sovereignty, Republic of Tatarstan

References:

Maksimova, Shushkanova (2024) – Maksimova M.A., Shushkanova A.S. The role of the oil complex in the economy of the Russian Federation on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan // Economic studies. [Rol’ neftyanogo kompleksa v ekonomike RF na primere Respubliki Tatarstan // Ekonomicheskie issledovaniya] – 2024. – No. 4. – P. 42-50.

Platonova, Aljardzhavi (2025) – Platonova E.D., Aljardzhavi Bandar Mushbbab G. Patterns of scientific and technological development of the modern oil and gas industry // Economy and society. [Zakonomernosti nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya sovremennoy neftegazovoy promyshlennosti // Ekonomika i sotsium] – 2025. – No. 6-1 (133). – P. 1278-1282.

Galitskaya, Kuzhim (2025) – Galitskaya Yu.N., Kuzhim K.M. Development of the oil and gas sector under sanctions // Economics and business: theory and practice. [Razvitie neftegazovogo sektora v usloviyakh sanktsiy // Ekonomika i biznes: teoriya i praktika] – 2025. – No. 3 (121). – P. 56-60.

Yakunichkin, Troyanskaya (2025) – Yakunichkin K.N., Troyanskaya M.A. Characteristics of the oil and gas complex of the Republic of Tatarstan // World science. [Kharakteristika neftegazovogo kompleksa Respubliki Tatarstan // Mirovaya nauka] – 2025. – No. 8 (101). – P. 94-99.

Yakunichkin, Troyanskaya (2025) – Yakunichkin K.N., Troyanskaya M.A. Measures for state regulation of the oil and gas complex of the Republic of Tatarstan // World science. [Meropriyatiya po gosudarstvennomu regulirovaniyu neftegazovogo kompleksa Respubliki Tatarstan // Mirovaya nauka] – 2025. – No. 8 (101). – P. 90-93.

Khismatullina, Gankova (2023) – Khismatullina A.M., Gankova T.A. Methodological approach to determining the rating assessment on the example of the oil company of the Republic of Tatarstan PJSC Tatneft // Economics and business: theory and practice. [Metodologicheskiy podkhod k opredeleniyu reytingovoy otsenki na primere neftyanoy kompanii Respubliki Tatarstan PAO “Tatneft'” // Ekonomika i biznes: teoriya i praktika] – 2023. – No. 9 (103). – P. 197-201.

Faizova, Yagudina, Saubanova, Saubanov (2023) – Faizova E.F., Yagudina A.R., Saubanova A.I., Saubanov A.G. Influence of the oil and gas complex on the development scenarios of the region on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan // Journal of Applied Research. [Vliyanie neftegazovogo kompleksa na stsenarii razvitiya regiona na primere Respubliki Tatarstan // Zhurnal prikladnykh issledovaniy] – 2023. – No. 5. – P. 38-43.

Otvetchikov (2024) – Otvetchikov A.V. Import substitution in the oil and gas complex of Russia under sanctions // Kant. [Importozameshchenie v neftegazovom komplekse Rossii v usloviyakh sanktsiy // Kant] – 2024. – No. 3 (52). – P. 50-55.

Abstract

Subject/Topic: The introduction of the digitalruble, the functioning of a newelectronicform of money,ensuring the security of the financialsystem.

Purpose To analyze the problemsandprospects of implementing the digitalruble,assess the technological, economic,legalandsocialaspects of the implementationprocess, and potentialeffectsonvariouseconomicparticipants.

Methodology An interdisciplinaryapproach has been applied,consistingin a comprehensiveanalysis of the use of moderntechnologies to protectandminimizefraudrisks, the need for trainingin the field of digitaltechnologiestoensureinformationsecurity.

Conclusions The digital ruble contributes to improving the efficiency and security of financial transactions, the introduction of new innovative technologies, contributes to improving the effectiveness of economic policy in the country, strengthening state sovereignty; it is focused on minimizing transaction risks, technological protection, legal education of the population, improving legislation and coordinating the efforts of all participants in the financial system.

Keywords: digital ruble, financial technologies, digital ruble platforms, financial sovereignty, digital currency, financial losses, legal risks, international transactions.

References:

Komarov, Golubev, Pashchenko, Shcherbakov (2024) – Komarov N.M., Golubev S.S., Pashchenko D.S., Shcherbakov A.G. Artificial intelligence tools in digital transformation programs of industrial enterprises [Instrumenty iskusstvennogo intellekta v programmah cifrovoj transformacii promyshlennyh predpriyatij.] The world of the new economy [Mir novoj ekonomiki]. 2024. Vol. 18. No. 3. pp. 6-16.

Ryabukhin, Minchenkov,Kokorev,Meletidi,Lyukshin(2024)–RyabukhinS.N.,MinchenkovM.A.,KokorevI.A.,MeletidiK.L.,LyukshinA.M.Digitalfinancialassetsas an instrument of internationalsettlements. [Cifrovye finansovye aktivy kak instrument mezhdunarodnyh raschetov.] The world of the neweconomy. [Mir novoj ekonomiki]. 2024.Vol. 18.No.2.pp.59-68.

Kupriyanova(2025)–KupriyanovaL.M.Financialsovereignty of the stateas the basis of financialsecurityanddevelopment of financialmarkets. [Finansovyj suverenitet gosudarstva kak osnova finansovoj bezopasnosti i razvitiya finansovyh rynkov.]Economy.Business.Banks.[Ekonomika. Biznes. Banki.] 2025.No.3(77).pp.49-60.

OstrikovN.V.,Pertseva(2025)–OstrikovN.V.,PertsevaS.Y.DigitalinnovationecosystemsandtheirroleinfinancinginnovationinRussia.[Cifrovye innovacionnye ekosistemy i ih rol’ v finansirovanii innovacij v Rossii.]The world of the neweconomy.[Mir novoj ekonomiki] 2025.Vol. 19.No.2.pp.126-133.

Maslennikov,Larionov(2021)–MaslennikovV.V.,LarionovA.V.Digitalcurrencies:conceptualization of risksandregulatoryopportunities. [Cifrovye valyuty: konceptualizaciya riskov i vozmozhnosti regulirovaniya.] The world of the neweconomy.[Mir novoj ekonomiki] 2021.Vol. 15.No.4.pp.16-28.

Kupriyanova(2026)–KupriyanovaL.M.Humancapitalas a keyfactor of innovationpolicyin the context of digitalization of the economy.[CHelovecheskij kapital kak klyuchevoj faktor innovacionnoj politiki v usloviyah cifrovizacii ekonomiki.] The world of the neweconomy. [Mir novoj ekonomiki]2026.Vol. 20.No.1.pp.95-102.

Eliseev(2025)–EliseevP.G.Digitalcurrency:typesandpractice of usein the moderneconomy.[Cifrovaya valyuta: vidy i praktika ispol’zovaniya v sovremennoj ekonomike.] Economy.Business.Banks.[Ekonomika. Biznes. Banki.] 2025.No.4(78).pp.106-114.

Bespalova(2025)–BespalovaM.O.Digitalfinancialassets: currentstateandprospects of use in theglobalfinancialmarket.[Cifrovye finansovye aktivy: sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy ispol’zovaniya na mirovom finansovom rynke.] Economy.Business.Banks.[Ekonomika. Biznes. Banki.] 2025.No.1(75).pp.54-65.

Kupriyanova,Rustamov(2025)–KupriyanovaL.M.,RustamovR.T.Regulatoryandinfrastructuralbarriers to the introduction of the digitalrubleforbusiness.[Regulyatornye i infrastrukturnye bar’ery vnedreniya cifrovogo rublya dlya biznesa.] Informationandinnovation.[Informaciya i innovacii.] 2025.Vol. 20.No.4.pp.25-37.

Pronin (2025) – Pronin A.A. Advantages and risks of introducing the digital ruble in Russia. [Preimushchestva i riski vnedreniya cifrovogo rublya v Rossii.] Economy. Business. Banks. [Ekonomika. Biznes. Banki.] 2025. No. 4 (78). pp. 93-105.

Abstract. The article examines the reconfiguration of the logistics chains of PJSC SUEK under the conditions of the 2022 sanctions shock and the subsequent structural transformation of the foreign economic ties of the Russian coal industry. The aim of the study is to identify the economic, infrastructural, and institutional mechanisms by which Russia’s largest thermal coal producer redirected its export flows from the European market to the markets of the Asia-Pacific region, and to assess the resilience of the new configuration in the medium term. Drawing on the company’s financial reports, statistics from Russian Railways, publications by the Russian Ministry of Energy, the Centre for Price Indices, and analytical reviews from industry media for 2021–2026, the paper traces the change in logistics architecture: a sharp contraction of transshipment through Baltic and North-Western ports, an accelerated build-up of eastern flows through the Daltransugol terminal and adjacent capacities, and a forced fragmentation of settlement and insurance infrastructure. The study shows that the redirection was technically feasible but economically expensive: it required a longer transport leg, acceptance of a discount relative to Indonesian coal grades, and tolerance of negative netbacks on individual routes in 2024–2025. The findings can be applied in designing measures of state support for the industry, in shaping investment programs of Russian Railways for the Eastern Polygon, and in strategic planning of export-oriented coal companies under prolonged sanctions pressure.

Keywords: coal industry, SUEK, logistics chains, coal export, EU sanctions, Eastern Polygon, Far Eastern ports, Asia-Pacific market, netback, supply chain reconfiguration.

References:

Zonova, Sheveleva, Slesarenko (2023) – Zonova O.V., Sheveleva O.B., Slesarenko E.V. Coal Export Logistics: Problems and Prospects [Eksportnaya ugol’naya logistika: problemy i perspektivy] Ugol’. – 2023. – No. 11. – Pp. 54-58. – DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2023-11-54-58.

Dagilis (2023) – Dagilis E.V. Russian Thermal Coal Exports under Current Conditions [Eksport energeticheskogo uglya iz Rossii v usloviyah sovremennyh realij] Russian Foreign Economic Journal [Rossijskij vneshneekonomicheskij vestnik] – 2023. – No. 11. – Pp. 23-32. – DOI: 10.24412/2072-8042-2023-11-23-32.

Takaishvili (2023) – Takaishvili L.N. The Eastern Railway Polygon of Russia for Coal Exports: Development Prospects and Constraints [Vostochnyj poligon zheleznyh dorog Rossii dlya eksporta rossijskogo uglya: perspektivy razvitiya i ogranicheniya] Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Assets Engineering [Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov] – 2023. – Vol. 334. – No. 12. – Pp. 41-55. – DOI: 10.18799/24131830/2023/12/4502.

Zhatkin, Lavrienko, Artemyev (2024) – Zhatkin N.A., Lavrienko D.V., Artemyev M.S. Current Problems and Prospects for Coal Export Development in Russia [Aktual’nye problemy i perspektivy razvitiya eksporta uglya v Rossii]. Young Scientist [Molodoj uchenyj] – 2024. – No. 17 (516). – Pp. 185-187.

Stepanov (2025) – Stepanov N.S. Directions of Russian Coal Exports: Opportunities for Cooperation with China [Napravleniya eksporta uglya v Rossii: vozmozhnosti sotrudnichestva s Kitaem] Ugol’. – 2025. – No. 2. – Pp. 42-47. – DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2025-2-42-47.

Abuzov, Mitrofanova (2025) – Abuzov A.Yu., Mitrofanova Ya.S. Structural Transformation of the Russian Coal Industry: Challenges, Prospects and Development Strategies [Strukturnaya perestrojka ugol’noj promyshlennosti Rossii: vyzovy, perspektivy i strategii razvitiya] Ugol’. – 2025. – No. 8. – Pp. 71-75. – DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2025-8-71-75.

Provornaya, Filimonova, Nikitenko, Bliznevskaya (2025) – Provornaya I.V., Filimonova I.V., Nikitenko S.M., Bliznevskaya M.A. Features and Problems of Railway Coal Transportation Tariff Formation [Osobennosti i problemy tarifoobrazovaniya na perevozku uglya po zheleznoj doroge] Ugol’. – 2025. – No. 11. – Pp. 42-51. – DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2025-11-42-51.

Konovalova (2025) – Konovalova M.E. Russian Coal in the Indian Commodity Market: Changes in Logistics Chains [Rossijskij ugol’ na indijskom syr’evom rynke: izmenenie logisticheskih cepochek] Economic Relations [Ekonomicheskie otnosheniya] – 2025. – Vol. 15. – No. 2. – Pp. 321-338.

Annotation

Topic Strategic management and sustainable development in the era of digital transformation are extremely relevant, given global challenges such as climate change, social inequality, and stakeholder pressure. These challenges are driving companies to rethink their goals and integrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles into their core strategy. Sustainability is becoming more than just a trend; it’s a key factor in long-term competitiveness and risk mitigation. The conference’s Young Scientists’ Section on Strategic Management and Sustainable Development highlights key factors in digital transformation, which is fundamentally changing the business environment. Technologies (big data, AI, the Internet of Things) create new opportunities for optimization, innovation, and value creation, but simultaneously require a radical restructuring of business models, operations, and corporate culture.

Goals/Objectives The umbrella terms “integrated approaches” and “strategic development” encompass aspects ranging from analysis to digitalization of both financial and non-financial indicators. New challenges relate to changing conditions and digital innovations, and our task is to analyze emerging transition issues.

Methodology To discuss the future of corporate governance in the context of strategy, investment, and digital reality, we can consider issues related to the challenges and opportunities created by digital technologies, as well as trends in investment and change management.

The discussion by speakers and participants addressed the following questions:

Strategy – How is digitalization changing approaches to strategic management?

The need to adapt traditional planning methods to rapidly changing market conditions. The complexity of multidimensional strategic planning – the space for strategic choices is expanding due to new factors such as technology, data, and online communities. Insufficient digital maturity the level of organizations’ readiness for digitalization varies, and the lack of a unified methodology for assessing digital maturity creates barriers. How can companies use digital technologies to improve the effectiveness of strategic management? For example, we could discuss: Using big data analytics tools—they allow for more accurate predictions of market changes, facilitating the creation of flexible and adaptive strategies; Use of artificial intelligence and machine learning AI-powered systems can analyze large volumes of data, identify hidden patterns and trends, and predict customer or market behavior. Use of scenario planning – a scenario approach allows for taking into account environmental uncertainty and developing flexible strategies.

Results/Conclusions There is a critical need to synchronize two vectors of AI implementation: modern strategic management must not only implement digital tools for profit growth but also use them to achieve sustainability goals – for example, to improve energy efficiency, create a circular economy, or ensure supply chain transparency. Companies that combine digital environments with responsible practices will secure strategic advantage and long-term sustainable development.

Keywords: sustainable development, digitalization, corporate governance, blockchain, digital transformation, digital strategies.

References:

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Sytnik (2023) – Sytnik A.A. Developing employee initiative by improving corporate culture // Bulletin of the National Institute of Business. – Issue No. 4 (52)/2023. – p. 109.

Galitskaya, Kozyubro (2021) – Galitskaya Yu.N., Kozyubro, T.I. Features of the internal control system of a small business entity // Structural and technological transformation of Russia: problems and prospects. From the GOELRO plan to the present day: Proceedings of the international scientific-practical conference (dedicated to the centenary of the GOELRO plan). – Krasnodar, 2021. – pp. 231-235.

Alieva, Taganova, Shportko (2023) – Alieva T.M., Taganova E.N., Shportko Yu.V. Transformation of human resource management in the context of changing approaches to quality management // Beneficium. – Nizhny Novgorod: Publishing House of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Yaroslav the Wise Novgorod State University”, 2023. – No. 1 (46). – pp. 60-68.

Pavlova (2021) – Pavlova S.V. Innovation management within an integrated intellectual capital management model // Innovative Development of the Economy. 2021. No. 1(61). pp. 30–37.

Pavlova, Ushanov (2023) – Pavlova S.V., Ushanov I.G. The role of digital technologies in modern statistics: trends and prospects // Issues of Economics and Law. 2023. No. 184. pp. 110–114.